| (A) Negative operation | (B) Positive operation | (C) Combined operation | ||||
| Safety | Never use negative-operation switches alone in safety applications. | Positive-operation switches are recommended when used alone as the switches offer a higher level of safety than negative-operation switches. | Switches in combined operation offer an even higher level of safety than positive-operation switches alone. | |||
| Category | Category B or 1 (using approved parts) |
B, 1, 2, 3, 4 | B, 1, 2, 3, 4 | |||
| Operating status |
Normal operation | Abnormal operation | Normal operation | Abnormal operation | Normal operation | |
| Contacts closed (door closed)  |
a) No reset due to contact welding (door open)  |
Contacts closed (door closed)  |
a) Contact not open due to cam abrasion (door open)  |
Contacts closed (door closed)
 |
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| Contacts open (door open)  |
b) No reset due to spring damage (door open)  |
Contacts open (door open)  |
b) Contact not open due to improper cam position (door open)
 |
Contacts open (door open)
 |
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| Contact opening method |
Opened by built-in spring. | Opened directly by externally operating unit like cam or dog. | Opened by a negative- and positiveoperation combination. | |||
| Applicable contact |
NO contacts | NC contacts
 |
NO and NC contacts
|
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| Char- acter- istics |
Pros | The negative operation is a fail-safe operation that ensures safety in case of cam abrasion, improper cam positioning or unexpected cam removal. | The actuator forcibly opens contacts if a contact welds or a spring is broken. | A negative- and positive-operation combination eliminates the disadvantages of both modes. | ||
| Cons | The actuator may move accidentally with unexpected force and close the contacts. The result may be a relatively dangerous situation. | There is a danger that contacts may close due to cam abrasion, improper cam positioning or unexpected cam removal. | The safety switch circuit may work normally for a while if one of the switches fails to operate. | |||
myKnowledge
| Main > Product Type > Safety > Safety Limit Switches | 
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What Is Negative Operation And Positive Operation?
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